Conveners
Applications of nuclear methods in science and technology
- Nikolay Chechenin (Lomonosov Moscow State University)
Applications of nuclear methods in science and technology
- Nikolay Chechenin (Lomonosov Moscow State University)
Applications of nuclear methods in science and technology
- Nikolay Novikov (Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia)
Applications of nuclear methods in science and technology
- Nikolay Novikov (Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia)
Applications of nuclear methods in science and technology
- Mikhail Merkin (SINP MSU)
Applications of nuclear methods in science and technology
- Mikhail Merkin (SINP MSU)
Applications of nuclear methods in science and technology
- Nikolay Chechenin (Lomonosov Moscow State University)
The authors investigate the beta-electrons energy conversion into electrical energy inside 3C-SiC*/Si heterostructures doped with carbon-14 [1], which acts as an internal source of primary electrons spectrum and as the radioisotope nuclear energy accumulator. The question is raised in connection with the description of the endotaxy effectivness at the structural level, which means the growth...
New algorithms to operate with new analog spectrometer of the DGFRS2 installed at DC-280 cyclotron setup are presented. The main goal of application of these algorithms is to search an optimal time correlation recoil-alpha parameter directly during the acquisition C++ code execution. A new real-time flexible algorithm is presented in addition to the conventional ER-α one which is in use for a...
The isomeric state 229mTh has the energy of 8.3(2) eV [1]. The small natural width and the location of the transition in the optical range give hope for the use of this state as an oscillator with a quality-factor several orders of magnitude higher than the Q-factor of the systems currently in operation.
Changes in the electron shell with changes in the degree of ionization, chemical...
CONJUGATE OBJECTS IN QUANTUM COMMUNICATION
A. S. Sitdikov1,2, A.S. Nikitin1
1 Kazan State Power Engineering University, Kazan, Russia;
2Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: airat_vm@rambler.ru
The basis of quantum communication is a set of methods for transfer of information encoded with the help of quantum states of elementary particles. The carrier...
Scintillation crystals made of a new promising material Gd₃Al₂Ga₃O₁₂ (GAGG) are considered because of their high radiation resistance, density and light yield [1, 2].These crystals can be used in addition to lead tungstate (PbWO4) crystals for development of a new generation electromagnetic calorimeter with good spatial and energy resolutions in a wide energy range. PbWO4 crystals enable...
In paper considered development method calibration radioisopote densitometer amd radioisotope level gauges in laboratory conditions.The tightness of Cs-137 closed radiation ionization sources was made by the immersion method. The radioisotope densitometers (Endress+Hauser AG, Switzerland) was calibrated using a special technique with using metal calibration container with liquid imitators...
At present, threshold aerogel Cherenkov detectors based on SiO2 with chosen refractive indices (hereinafter referred to as “threshold detectors”) are widely used for studies in physics of elementary particles (in particular, for separating charged pions and kaons, see about it, e.g., in [1] and in references therein). Since the number of Cherenkov photons is small compared to that from...
Geant4 is a powerful Monte Carlo modeling toolkit [1] to describe the propagation and interactions of particles and nuclei in various media. It was originally designed for experiments at the LHC, but its area of application is rapidly extending well beyond high energy physics to low energy nuclear physics, astrophysics, space science, medical physics and radiation protection [2].
Nuclear...
A particle accelerator coupled with a subcritical fission reactor (accelerator driven system - ADS) can realize a safe, clean and efficient source of energy. We showed that in spite of the majority’s opinion with respect to the optimal beam for ADS (considered to be proton with energy 1-1.5 GeV) light ion beams at lower energies are more efficient [1-3]. Aspects related with the core structure...
Estimation of the degree of agreement of empirical random vectors using central moment functions.
Rabotkin V. A., Bliznyakov N.M., Vakhtel V.M., Kostomakha D.E.
Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
E-mail: vakhtel@phys.vsu.ru
A methodology for estimating the degree of agreement M of empirical random vectors (RV):ν(k)=〖(ν〗_0,ν_1,…,ν_l) of frequenciesν_i (k=i) of counts k of...
Method for processing and analysis of homogeneity of large sets of small-volume samples of low-intensity radiation streams.
Rabotkin V. A., Bliznyakov N.M., Vakhtel V.M., Kostomakha D.E.
Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
E-mail: vakhtel@phys.vsu.ru
A method for processing and analyzing sequences of samples of variation series of values of identifiers I(ν(.)) of random vectors...
Isothermal decay of TL glow curve of the irradiated K-feldspars has been investigated at an ambient temperature. A suggested procedure enables the isolation of peaks at the low-temperature region of the TL glow curve. An analysis of the values of the symmetry factor suggests that bimolecular mechanisms are responsible for the kinetics of decay processes, as the values of parameter µ [1] vary...
According to the existing concept, an increase in electron density on 57Fe nucleus must lead to a decrease in Mӧssbauer isomer shift (IS). The rise of oxidation state of iron (escape of electrons from the valence shell) usually leads to the decrease in IS, which is explained by the shielding effects.
We suggest applying the approach of the valence shell hybridization to explain the...
A.M. Yafyasov1, F.F. Valiev1, I.R. Makarova2 S.A. Gorobets2,
V.O. Sergeev2, N.A. Sukhanov, D.K. Makarov3
makarova_i_r@mail.ru
1 - St. Petersburg State University, 2 - PETROFIZIK LLC
In the work, by the method of gamma - spectroscopy [1,2], new data are presented on the deep recharge of the Nizhnechutinsk oil field by ascending gases and hydrotherms with different...
Time-resolved ion beam induced luminescence (ionoluminescence, IL) measurements, especially those when the luminescence decay is registered after single ion impact may be efficiently used for real-time characterization of irradiating materials. Temporal resolution of single ion technique, not limited by beam pulse duration has enabled to reveal new interesting features in dynamics of dense...
Today, there are many unsolved mysteries in the physics of atmospheric lightning discharge. The unexplained phenomenon of atmospheric electricity is gamma-ray bursts observed since 1994 by space gamma-ray observatories (for example, BATSE, Fermi), created for observing gamma radiation from astrophysical sources. Mysterious natural gamma radiation of the earth's atmosphere is called Terrestrial...
Thunderstorms in the Earth’s atmosphere produce short and intense gamma-ray bursts [1]. Such bursts are called Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGF). One of possible mechanisms of thunderstorm gamma-radiation – acceleration of Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanches (RREA) in thunderstorm electric fields [2]. Gamma-rays are produced by relativistic electrons bremsstrahlung.
RREAs are formed by...
At present, positron emission tomography (PET) is one of the most effective instruments for the medical diagnostics. This method is based on detection of two 511 keV gammas produced in positron-electron annihilation in organic tissue. According to the theory, these annihilation photons are in entangled quantum state and have mutually perpendicular linear polarizations. This feature is...
In the present work delayed neutron registration technique have been applied to the issue of oxygen content definition in the samples of the known mass and morphology. For this purpose the set up have been assembled on the neutron physical research channel of Tandem-3M accelerator of SSC RF–IPPE which consists of the charged particles beam deflection system, integrator of the current of...
Some nuclear reactions on nuclei in neutron detector structural details even so as aluminium are induced with energy increasing. Nuclear reactions induced by neutrons between 5 and 20 MeV energy are under consideration. They causes background events in gaseous and scintillation detectors with $^3$He, $^7$Li and $^10$B isotopes. The events and neatron scattering and nucleus activation disturbs...
Monitoring the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the most important tasks in the field of global climate change, in the development and implementation of measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions [1].
Existing methods of soil analysis [2] mainly involve the selection of bulk samples and work in the laboratory, which leads to a significant complication of obtaining...
The study of inelastic scattering of fast neutrons by atomic nuclei is of great importance for fundamental and applied neutron-nuclear physics. Reactions induced by neutrons are the unique source of information for describing the processes of strong interaction between nucleons. Inelastic scattering processes are used to study the characteristics of excited states of target nuclei [1]. The...
This paper discusses the application of the AGP-K conveyor analyzer to solve the problem of controlling the elemental composition of material on the conveyor. The result of the analyzer operation is given and the obtained data are discussed.
The results of using tagged neutron method for on-line analysis of materials on conveyor are presented. The method of tagged neutrons makes it possible...
Bioprosthetic heart valves based on bovine pericardium are widely used in the field of cardiac surgery worldwide. The main component of bovine pericardium is collagen tissue that is treated with chemical agents to prevent calcification and preserve the elastic properties of the biological tissue. In the present study we tried to improve the mechanical properties of biological tissue by...
The radiotracer method is a powerful instrument for studying different physico-chemical processes for example adsorption. Using radiotracer technique allows to quantify tritium-labeled substances up to 10-14 mol. Tritium thermal activation technique allows protium substitution with tritium in almost any organic compound without significant changes in its chemical structure [1]. Nanodiamonds...
Tritium is the only radioactive isotope of hydrogen and it is an appropriate radiolabel for organic molecules including surfactants, peptides, proteins and etc. Moreover, tritium as a tracer can be also used for analysis of protein-ligand complex formation at the interfaces, including liquid-liquid system that is a model of cellular membrane. In the present study we developed a novel approach...
The identification of substances is one of the tasks in the development of a new multi-energy X-ray tomograph based on the Widepix detector. The Widepix detector is one of Medipix series detectors, which are hybrid semiconductor pixel detectors, developed by the Medipix collaboration. This detector has a high spatial resolution and is capable of detecting radiation in different energy ranges,...
The γ-spectrometer [1] which was assembled from 9 CeBr3-NaI(Tl) phoswich detectors [2] is a unit of the MULTI facility at the FLNR, JINR (Dubna) for studying the γ-emission in exotic decay of neutron-rich weakly bound nuclei like β-decay through giant dipole and pygmy resonances. It was reported [1] a high time and energy resolution, high peak and suppression efficiency of this spectrometer...
The paper presents a comparative analysis of various variants of magnetic inertial fusion. The main thermophysical parameters of such installations with high-pulse energy lasers and high-speed plasma jets are determined. It is shown that modern thermonuclear plants, as well as those under development, can be used for a wide range of research and directions.
Comparison of various options for...
Due to the high-energy particles of thermonuclear reactions, the generation of neutron and X-ray radiation is possible, nuclear fusion reactions can occur, in which particles of even higher energies are born (for example, protons with an energy of 14 MeV), the use of which is possible in a number of applied technologies for medicine, safety and disposal nuclear waste.
Plasma maintenance in a...
Reactor codes (BIPR, DYN3D [1], etc.) based on solving the neutron transport equation in the diffusion approximation are widely used to analyze stationary and transient processes in the reactor core. To perform such type of calculation it is necessary to create a XS library - a set of macroscopic cross sections and constants. It is usually calculated using spectral codes such as deterministic...
The corrosion in the pipelines of pressurized water reactor is a catastrophic event, leading to the ultimate fracture and failure [1,2,3]. Herein, we develop a real-time framework for the accumulation of compressive stresses via coupling corrosion-induced and the internal/external fluid pressure, where the former causes the irreversible (plastic) deformation the latter leads to the reversible...
The problem of determining the genesis of petroleum is essentially chemical in nature. An explanation must be given for the formation of large numbers of n-alkanes, branched alkans, cycloparaffines, olefins and arenes from the original material throughout geologic history. Biodegradation of crude oil is evidence of early generation [1]. Oil generation commenced at the end of Pliocene and...
The paper discusses issues related to the study of the conditions for the generation of powerful particle fluxes and high-energy radiation in a nonequilibrium plasma with a strong magnetic field, so called magneto-inertial fusion (MIF) [1-7]. Authors have developed mathematical models and computer codes for laser driven – LD MIF and plasma jet driven – PJD MIF target implosion in an externally...
Petroleum is a product of the diagenesis of fundamental organic compounds in organic matter that accumulated with fine-grained sediment in a low-energy environment deficient in oxygen. The diagenesis takes place during burial, under the influences of heat, time and pressure – probably in the presence of clay catalysts[1].
Contempory science does not yet know any microbe which really...
Важной характеристикой полупроводниковых детекторов, используемых в ядерно-физических исследованиях и в смежных областях является толщина их чувствительного слоя и ее однородность. Особенно важна однородность толщины при использовании полностью обедненных («простреленных») детекторов, когда требуется информация об удельных потерях энергии (например, в $\Delta$Е-Е – методиках идентификации...
